Writing

Research & Writing

Policy essays, planning research, and urban systems analysis.

Policy Essay 15 Nov 2024 · 12 min read

Urban Governance in Indian Cities

Decentralisation, Institutional Fragmentation, and the 74th CAA

Three decades after the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act promised decentralisation, Indian urban local bodies remain structurally weak, fiscally constrained, and functionally fragmented. This essay examines why ULBs continue to struggle for meaningful autonomy and what institutional reforms are needed.

Governance74th CAAUrban Local BodiesDecentralisation
Planning Essay 20 Aug 2024 · 10 min read

Improving Street Design and Public Space Systems

Lessons from Indian Cities for a Pedestrian-First Street Policy

Indian cities have been systematically designed for vehicles, not people. This essay argues for a fundamental shift in street design philosophy — towards complete streets that prioritize pedestrian movement, public life, and equitable access.

Street DesignPublic SpacePedestrianUrban Design
Technical Essay 10 May 2024 · 9 min read

Spatial Data Infrastructure for Urban Planning

Building GIS Capacity for Indian Urban Local Bodies

Most Indian ULBs lack the spatial data infrastructure needed for evidence-based planning. This essay examines what a minimal viable spatial data stack looks like for a mid-size Indian city and how to build it.

GISSpatial DataUrban PlanningData Infrastructure
Policy Essay 28 Feb 2024 · 11 min read

Mobility Systems in Emerging Indian Cities

From Street to Network: Rethinking Urban Transport Policy

India's tier-2 and tier-3 cities face a mobility inflection point: they are large enough to suffer serious congestion but not yet committed to the auto-centric infrastructure patterns that have locked larger metros into car dependence. This window must be used wisely.

MobilityPublic TransitUrban TransportPolicy

Empowering Governance through
Spatial Intelligence

© 2025 Bharat Oraon. Urban Planning Portfolio.

Built with Love ❤️